{"id":10543,"date":"2025-10-18T02:00:21","date_gmt":"2025-10-17T18:00:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/toquartz.com\/?p=10543"},"modified":"2025-10-20T09:51:02","modified_gmt":"2025-10-20T01:51:02","slug":"quartz-tube-wavelength-performance-heating-elements","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/toquartz.com\/ar\/quartz-tube-wavelength-performance-heating-elements\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/toquartz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/d954c4c62c9d4bddad94ded7a9a8a320.webp\" alt=\"\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646\u061f\" class=\"wp-image-10540\" srcset=\"https:\/\/toquartz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/d954c4c62c9d4bddad94ded7a9a8a320.webp 800w, https:\/\/toquartz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/d954c4c62c9d4bddad94ded7a9a8a320-300x150.webp 300w, https:\/\/toquartz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/d954c4c62c9d4bddad94ded7a9a8a320-768x384.webp 768w, https:\/\/toquartz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/d954c4c62c9d4bddad94ded7a9a8a320-18x9.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 251 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a 3 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/chemical-engineering\/infrared-heating\">\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c<\/a>.<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p>\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 ASTM E903 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 ASTM E903 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 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src=\"https:\/\/toquartz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/4987af7c045a44669d687fcdb2de2d8c.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632\u061f\" class=\"wp-image-10541\" srcset=\"https:\/\/toquartz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/4987af7c045a44669d687fcdb2de2d8c.webp 1200w, https:\/\/toquartz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/4987af7c045a44669d687fcdb2de2d8c-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/toquartz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/4987af7c045a44669d687fcdb2de2d8c-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/toquartz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/4987af7c045a44669d687fcdb2de2d8c-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/toquartz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/4987af7c045a44669d687fcdb2de2d8c-18x10.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 <a target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/toquartz.com\/ar\/infrared-quartz-heating-tube\/\">\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632<\/a> \u062a\u0633\u062e\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<colgroup><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Infrared_heater\"><strong>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 (\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><\/a><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a (\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631)<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/strong><\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062d\u062a\u0649 1,500<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>1.6<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2,600<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>1.0<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 Wien's Law\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 (ASTM E903)<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 ASTM E903 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 95% \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 0.25 \u0625\u0644\u0649 4.5 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><p>\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 &gt;95% \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 (0.25-4.5 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631)<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643 40-601 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a 3 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 3 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643. \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 85-92%\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a ASTM E903 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0644 TOQUARTZ.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<colgroup><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 (\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631)<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 (\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631)<\/strong><\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>2.7-3.2<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>2.7-3.2<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\/\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>3.4-4.5<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>3.4-4.0<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/toquartz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/1f7d549ce88340c590450c2117dc44b9.webp\" alt=\"\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646\u061f\" class=\"wp-image-10542\" srcset=\"https:\/\/toquartz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/1f7d549ce88340c590450c2117dc44b9.webp 1200w, https:\/\/toquartz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/1f7d549ce88340c590450c2117dc44b9-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/toquartz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/1f7d549ce88340c590450c2117dc44b9-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/toquartz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/1f7d549ce88340c590450c2117dc44b9-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/toquartz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/1f7d549ce88340c590450c2117dc44b9-18x10.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0647. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632:<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<colgroup><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 (%)<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/strong><\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>&gt;95<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>45-60<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><p>\u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 95% \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0633\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10304673\/\">\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/a> \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/blockquote>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 OH \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 2.7-2.8 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0644 (OH) \u0641\u064a \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0639\u0646\u062f 2.7-2.8 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629. \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 221 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a 3 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 281 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a 3 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p><strong>\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 OH:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><p>\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646: 85-92% \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f 2.7-2.8 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0641: 50-65% \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643. \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635. \u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0647. \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<colgroup><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643<\/strong><\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0647\u0645<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c. \u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 1200 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u06481400 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0645 60 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1150 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0645 80 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 1180 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<colgroup><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0645<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 (\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 (\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a)<\/strong><\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0645 60<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>1150<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>2100<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0645 80<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>1180<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>2150<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f 1200-1400 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/blockquote>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u063a\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u063a\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 2000 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u063a\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u063a\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<colgroup><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0646)<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 96%<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 (\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0645)<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>~60%<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062d\u062a\u0649 25,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p><strong>\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u063a\u0633\u062a\u0646:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631\u0627\u064b.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u062d\u062c\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646, <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/hyperphysics.gsu.edu\/hbase\/thermo\/stefan.html\">\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/a> \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<colgroup><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 (\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a<\/strong><\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>900<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 (2.5-4.0 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631)<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>1400<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631 (1.0-2.5 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631)<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><p>\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/blockquote>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a ASTM E903 ASTM E903<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f ASTM E903 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632. \u0648\u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 0.25 \u0625\u0644\u0649 10 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 951 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a 3 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a ASTM E903 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<colgroup><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a (\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631)<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 (%)<\/strong><\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>ASTM E903<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>0.25-10<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>&gt;95 \u0639\u0646\u062f 2.5 - 4.0<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><p>\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ASTM E903 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/blockquote>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 OH FTIR \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 (FTIR) \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0644 (OH) \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a OH \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f 2.7 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2.8 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a FTIR \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0646 OH \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 FTIR \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 OH \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 (\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646). \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 30 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p><strong>\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><p>\u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 FTIR \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 OH \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f 2.7-2.8 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 ISO 12123 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 ISO 12123 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 ISO 12123 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 0.03 \u0645\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628 \u0644\u0643\u0644 100 \u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u00b12% \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<colgroup><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>ISO 12123<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>&lt;0.03 \u0645\u0645\u00b3\/100 \u0633\u0645\u00b3<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u00b12%<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 ISO 12123 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062d\u062f. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a. \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 10 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 8 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646. \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<colgroup><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0644<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 10 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>8 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 (\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629)<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0633\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 95% \u0639\u0646\u062f 2.7-2.8 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f 3.4-4.0 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p>\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c &gt;95% \u0639\u0646\u062f 2.7-2.8 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631).<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0623 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 95% \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f 0.85\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636 0.75\u060c \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 60%. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<colgroup><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 (%)<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>95<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>0.85<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>0.75<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 (%)<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>60<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<colgroup><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627<\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062e\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f 2.7-2.8 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646. \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644. \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 ASTM E903 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 ASTM E903 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 95% \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u062f 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